https://thelogicofscience.com/2026/02/17/is-the-backfire-effect-real/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/backfire-effect-3.pngbackfire effect2026-03-13T03:11:56+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2025/12/30/climate-change-is-undeniable-evidence-from-satellites/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/satellites-climate-change-smoking-gun.jpgsatellites climate change smoking gun2026-01-23T20:30:58+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2026/01/08/science-never-showed-that-smoking-was-safe/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/smoking-doctors.pngsmoking doctors2026-01-23T20:30:18+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/global-warming/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/global-warming-quote.jpgEnvironmental conservation quote: John C. Sawhill2026-01-01T02:51:23+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/2025/12/20/how-does-evolution-explain-complex-mimicry/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/beetle-evolution.jpghttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/rove-beetle-comments-1.pngrove beetle commentsSome examples of the comments people were makinghttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/rove-beetle-comments.pngrove beetle commentsSome examples of the comments people were making2025-12-26T04:35:27+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/nature-of-science/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/science22.jpgDr. Steven Novella nature of science quote2025-12-22T04:09:21+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/rules-of-logic/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/logic-quote.jpglogic quote2025-12-22T04:06:00+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/misc/2025-12-22T04:03:59+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/vaccinesalternative-medicines/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/medicine-quote1.jpgAlternative medicine quote by Tim Minchin2025-12-22T03:58:49+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/evolution/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/evolution-quote.jpgTheodosius Dobzhansky evolution quote2025-12-22T03:17:20+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/2025/12/02/vaccines-are-tested-against-placebos/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/saline-placebos.jpgsaline placebos2025-12-02T16:31:16+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/03/13/does-splenda-cause-cancer-a-lesson-in-how-to-critically-read-scientific-papers/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/hierarchy-of-evidence-no-not.pnghierarchy of evidence' (no not)Not all studies are created equal (details here).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/mommy-phd.pngmommy phdImage via Mommy PhD2025-11-20T01:29:35+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2022/07/20/no-those-photos-dont-disprove-sea-level-rise-climate-change/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/plymouth-rock-1.jpgplymouth rockA popular example of the type of meme I'm talking about.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/sea-level-sydney-harbor-e1658314413676.jpgsea level sydney harborAnother example of the type of meme I'm talking about. Once again, tides were ignored.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/sea-level-rise-skeptical-science.jpgsea level rise skeptical scienceIPCC predictions compared to our actual observations. Figure from The Copenhagen Diagnosis 2009. See Skeptical Science for more information.2025-09-03T01:12:51+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2025/02/27/masks-and-covid-vaccines-were-huge-successes-ivermectin-and-hydroxychloroquine-were-not/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/vaccine-2.jpgvaccine2025-08-31T21:11:42+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2024/01/31/overpopulation-or-overconsumption-its-both-and-its-complicated/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/population-and-demography.pngpopulation-and-demographyPopulation growth rates by country (personally I think the color scale should be inverted so that red shows higher growth rates). This map is from 2021, but the story is largely the same today. Image via Our World in Data.2025-04-03T16:47:35+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2025/03/25/dont-be-intellectually-lazy/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/intellectually-lazy-shill-1.pngintellectually lazy shillhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/intelectually-lazy-cant-cite-sources-1.jpgintelectually lazy cant cite sourceshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/intellectually-lazy-shill2-1.pngintellectually lazy shill2https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/intellectually-lazy-shill2.pngintellectually lazy shill2https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/intellectually-lazy-shill.pngintellectually lazy shillhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/intelectually-lazy-blind-denial.jpgintelectually lazy blind denialhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/read-before-posting.jpgread before posting2025-03-25T22:24:35+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/02/04/is-sex-binary-lets-look-at-the-biology/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/bertrand-russell.jpgbertrand russell2025-02-01T15:39:05+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2024/05/16/incredulity-fallacy-im-right-because-i-cant-believe-im-wrong/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/incredulity.jpgincredulity2024-05-16T21:47:19+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2024/04/25/yes-you-should-fact-check/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/fact-checkign-post-3.jpgfact checkign post 3https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/fact-checkign-post-2.jpgfact checkign post 2https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/fact-checkign-post.jpgfact checkign posthttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/fact-checking.jpgfact checking2024-04-27T00:07:51+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/04/peer-reviewed-literature-what-does-it-take-to-publish-a-scientific-paper/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/peer-review.jpgpeer-reviewThe problem with blogs is not that they are all faulty, but rather that they have quality control mechanisms, so you have no reason to think that they are correct. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/difference-between-scientifc-papers-and-blogs.jpgflowchart for peer-reviewed publicationsThis flowchart summarizes the steps required to publish a peer-reviewed paper and the steps required to publish a blog post. Take a careful look at this difference, then honestly tell me that you think that blogs are a better source of information about science. 2024-02-18T00:56:14+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/08/20/is-it-likely-that-alternative-medicine-works-the-importance-of-prior-probability/2024-02-11T00:01:08+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/05/31/the-problem-with-just-asking-questions/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/asking-questions.pngasking questions2023-01-10T11:44:13+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/10/31/debunking-the-creationist-myth-that-mutations-dont-produce-new-and-useful-information/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/spock.jpgspockFrom the Star Trek TOS episode "I, Mudd"https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/mr-dna.jpgmr-dnaHopefully everyone recognizes this, but if not, it's Mr. DNA from Jurassic Park2023-01-07T05:16:28+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2022/09/02/how-well-do-you-understand-placebo-effects/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/placebo.pngplacebo2022-09-01T14:20:30+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/03/27/naturopaths-use-deceptive-tactics-to-support-pseudoscience/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/naturopathy.jpgnaturopathy2022-07-31T05:25:20+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2022/01/19/debunking-30-bad-arguments-about-covid-vaccines/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/vaers.pngvaershttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/does-not-mean.gifdoes not meanhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/and-here-we-go.pngand here we go2022-02-14T10:28:50+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/05/10/vaccines-dont-give-lifelong-immunity-but-they-are-still-better-than-natural-immunity/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/natural-immunity.jpgnatural immunityhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/disease-rates.jpgdisease ratesNotice, most of the people who got the disease were vaccinated, but that is only because the vast majority of people in the study were vaccinated. When we look at percentages, the disease rates were much higher among the unvaccinated. Figure from Schmitz et al. 2011.2022-02-02T10:48:41+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/01/20/the-overwhelming-consensus-on-climate-change/2022-01-30T12:57:16+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/12/05/dear-americans-stop-using-china-and-india-as-climate-change-scapegoats/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/emissions-data.jpgemissions dataGreenhouse gas emissions per capita for any country that produced at least 1% of the world's total emissions. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/emissions-data2.jpgemissions data2A comparison of absolute greenhouse gas emissions among the biggest contributors. Any country that produced at least 5% of the global emissions is shown, with all other countries grouped into either Africa, Europe (without Russia), South America, or Other. the The data are 2012 data from the European Commission Joint Research Centre.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/climate-change-america-comments.pngclimate change America commentsRecent comments on a climate change post that illustrate this faulty argument.2022-01-15T02:33:39+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2022/01/14/joe-rogan-and-the-problem-of-false-balance/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/joe-rogan.jpgjoe rogan2022-01-14T12:14:27+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/05/23/anti-vaccers-climate-change-deniers-and-anti-gmo-activists-are-all-the-same/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/science-denial1.jpgscience denialhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/credible-hulk-no-one-is-anti-science.pngcredible hulk no one is anti-scienceImage via the Credible Hulk2022-01-01T01:52:02+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/04/03/scientists-arent-stupid-and-science-deniers-are-arrogant/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/does-not-mean.gifdoes not meanhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/fortune-and-glory.jpgfortune and gloryhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/evaluate-your-views.jpgevaluate your viewshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/epitome-of-arrogance.gifepitome of arroganceI find it baffling that so many people think that scientists are arrogant simply because scientists claim to know more about science than non-scientists. 2021-11-29T05:15:41+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/01/25/research-youre-doing-it-wrong-a-look-at-tenpennys-vaccine-research-library/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/thats-not-how-this-works1.pngthat's not how this workshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/central-trend.pngcentral trendhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/tenpenny.jpgtenpennyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/thats-not-how-this-works.pngthat's not how this works2021-09-01T11:59:09+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2021/06/16/jon-stewarts-irresponsible-anti-science-conspiracy-theory-rant/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/stewart.jpgstewart2021-09-01T07:47:46+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2021/07/27/the-99-survive-covid-argument-is-deceptive-and-completely-misses-the-point/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/covid-vaccine.jpgcovid vaccine2021-08-31T16:37:19+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2021/03/02/the-problems-with-anti-vaccers-precautionary-principle-arguments/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/covid-vaccines-1.jpgcovid-vaccines-12021-08-31T16:35:21+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2021/08/30/future-long-term-side-effects-from-covid-vaccines-are-extremely-unlikely/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/covid-vs-vaccines.jpgCOVID vs vaccinesFigure 4 from Barda et al. 2021 showing the risk of adverse events from the Pfizer vaccine and from COVID itself. For each side effect, risk was calculated by by matching over 100,000 people who had been infected with COVID with people who were not infected with COVID (for COVID side effect rates), and matching several hundred thousand people who had received the vaccine with people who had not received it (for the vaccine rates). In most cases, COVID infection itself carries more risk of these specific side effects than does the vaccine. The most obvious exception (lymphadenopathy) is merely a swelling of the lymph nodes, which is not generally a serious condition. 2021-08-30T13:51:47+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/04/19/science-doesnt-prove-anything-and-thats-a-good-thing/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/presentation1.gifPresentation1The original Matrix movie was actually a brilliant portrayal of the brain in a vat argument. 2021-08-22T11:01:27+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/08/16/settled-science-part-1-is-science-ever-actually-settled/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/climate-consensus.jpgclimate consensusThere is an overwhelming consensus in the scientific literature that anthropogenic climate change is real. Image via DESMOG.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/everyone-is-entitled-to-his-own-opinion.jpgeveryone is entitled to his own opinion2021-08-06T09:08:23+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/06/26/occams-razor-is-about-assumptions-not-simplicity/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/occams-razor-the-questionist.pngoccams razor the questionistImage via The Questionist2021-06-17T23:35:40+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2021/06/14/the-its-banned-in-europe-fallacy/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/banned-in-europe.jpgbanned in europehttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/harry-potter-gmo.jpgharry potter gmoI'm unsure who created this meme. If anyone knows, please inform me so I can credit them.2021-07-06T11:51:36+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/05/09/climate-change-denier-vs-attenborough-why-did-those-walruses-die/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/attenborough.pngDavid attenboroughImage credit: AU Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade www.dfat.gov.au2021-06-08T12:35:29+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/02/06/do-bt-gmos-make-their-own-poison-only-if-youre-an-insect/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/bt-mr-yuk.jpgBt mr yuk2021-04-03T11:17:55+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/05/18/when-is-it-reasonable-to-demand-more-studies/2021-03-24T12:33:30+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/11/05/measles-infections-weaken-your-immune-system-and-increase-your-risk-of-other-diseases-vaccines-prevent-this/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/measles.jpgmeasles2021-03-22T09:29:40+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/07/03/dna-is-dna-the-anti-gmo-movement-ignores-basic-genetics/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/gmo-dna1.jpgGMO breeding methodsThis hypothetical example shows that crossbreeding varieties, hybridizing species, and using genetic engineering can all produce a product with the desired target sequence (highlighted green), but methods other than GE often involve unintended changes. Note: these are fictitious sequences that I made for the sake of example.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/gmo-dna2.jpgGMO DNA2This illustrates a hypothetical example of how mutations can change a genome, by taking our starting crop and mutating it to have the sequence we want (highlighted in green)2021-03-21T01:08:15+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/04/12/dying-the-way-that-nature-intended-appeal-to-nature-fallacies/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/mortality-rates.pngmortality ratesImage via the CDChttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/child-mortality-rates.pngchild mortality ratesWhen you look at data like these, it becomes pretty obvious that "the way that people did for hundreds of years" sucks. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/natural-tornado.pngnatural tornado2021-03-18T09:34:38+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/10/24/vaccines-dont-bypass-the-immune-system/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/injection.pnginjection2021-03-15T09:04:15+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/03/12/vaccines-and-autism-a-thorough-review-of-the-evidence-2019-update/2021-03-02T12:10:03+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/07/25/vaers-package-inserts-and-the-vicp-do-not-prove-that-vaccines-are-dangerous/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/vaccine-pacakge-insert-cat.pngvaccine pacakge insert catOne of the many anti-vaccine double-standards. Image via Refutations to Anti-Vaccine Memes.2021-02-04T23:41:54+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/05/10/most-scientific-studies-are-wrong-but-that-doesnt-mean-what-you-think-it-means/2021-01-20T01:36:11+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/12/29/if-vaccines-are-a-scam-to-make-money-why-dont-we-routinely-vaccinate-for-diseases-like-cholera/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/vaccine-schedule.jpgvaccine schedule2021-01-10T00:19:18+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/07/13/10-hypocrisiesdouble-standards-of-the-anti-vaccine-movement/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/polar-bear.jpgpolar bearImage via Refutations to Anti-Vaccine Memeshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/mommy-instincts.jpgMommy instinctshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/argues-that-vaccines-havent-been-tested.jpgAnti-vaccer hypocrisy vaccines have been well tested alternative medicines haven'thttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/herd-immunity.jpgherd immunityImage via Refutations to Anti-Vaccine Memeshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/merecoloa-mansion.jpgMercola mansionImage via Refutations to Anti-Vaccine Memes2020-12-30T09:27:35+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/02/07/i-used-to-be-a-science-denier-my-journey-from-pseudoscience-to-skepticism/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/minchin-ideas.jpgminchin-ideasThis quote comes from Tim Minchin's excellent UWA 2013 graduation speech. It is worth watching in its entirety. 2020-12-18T08:16:00+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/10/29/facts-why-they-matter-and-how-to-check-them/2020-10-31T05:02:56+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/03/05/how-not-to-science-lessons-from-flat-earthers-and-climate-change-deniers/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/sg1.jpgSG1A great quote from one of my favorite shows, Stargate SG1 (Season 3 Episode 19, "New Ground")2020-10-04T17:36:26+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/10/18/debunking-25-arguments-against-climate-change-in-5-sentences-or-less-each/2020-09-14T17:06:51+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/09/08/case-fatality-rates-dont-indicate-how-well-a-country-contained-covid/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/case-fatalities.jpgcase fatalitiesCorrelation between median population age of a country and its case-fatality rate.2020-09-07T23:17:10+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/09/02/covid-comorbidities-are-not-analogous-to-car-crashes-debunking-the-6-mortality-claim/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/cdc.jpgCDC2020-09-02T03:08:11+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/03/14/the-importance-of-logical-fallacies/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/affirming-the-conseqeunt.pngaffirming the conseqeuntAn example of an affirming the consequent fallacy2020-08-29T16:47:23+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/08/14/what-does-statistically-significant-mean/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/marbles.jpgmarblesAnother useful way to think about this is to imagine a jar full of red and blue marbles (this is your population). You want to know if there are more of one color than the other, so you reach in and randomly grab several (this is your sample). Suppose you get more blue than red, can you conclude that there are more blue marbles than red marbles in the jar (population)? This clearly depends on the size of your sample. The larger it is, the more confident you can be that your sample represents the population.2020-08-17T16:09:33+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/06/19/its-morally-wrong-to-patent-food-inconsistent-reasoning-at-its-finest/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/genetic-literacy-project-gmo-protest-sign-patent.pnggenetic literacy project gmo protest sign patentImage via the Genetic Literacy Project2020-08-13T21:42:29+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/10/31/facts-arent-political-or-religious/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/tyson2.jpgtyson2https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/evolution-response-med-res.jpgevolution response med reshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/facts-arent-political1.pngfacts aren't political2020-08-08T14:42:57+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/06/30/increased-testing-does-not-explain-the-increase-in-us-covid-cases/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/coronavirus-figure-3.jpgcoronavirus tesitng and cases for USFigure 3: Coronavirus testing and cases for the USA. As you can see, cases are a poor match for testing, indicating that testing alone does not explain the recent increase in cases. The x-axis labels show the start of each month. Data were downloaded from the Covid Tracking Project late on 28-June-20.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/coronavirus-figure-2.jpgcoronavirus percent of positive tests in the USFigure 2: Percent of coronavirus tests that were positive for June. The first panel shows the data for the whole country, and the second shows two states with large outbreaks (Florida and Arizona). They are presented in separate panels simply so that the change for the whole country is not obscured by the much larger change for individual states. Data were downloaded from the Covid Tracking Project late on 28-June-20.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/coronavirus-figure-1.jpgHypothetical case ratesFigure 1: Changes in the percent of tests that are positive under different scenarios. For each line, testing increases by 10% of its starting value each day, but the number of actual cases (not observed cases) varies, and the lines show the percent of tests that were positive. Blue lines show a decrease in actual cases over time, the grey line shows no change in actual cases, and the red lines show an increase in actual cases. As you can see, anytime that the total number of cases increases, the percent of tests that are positive will increase, whereas if the total number of cases is unchanged or decreases, the percent of positives will either remain stable or decrease, even if testing increases.2020-07-10T16:41:01+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/06/17/science-is-a-path-to-knowledge/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/path.jpgpath2020-06-26T19:56:24+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/08/26/dont-cherry-pick-your-experts/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/appeal-to-authority.jpgappeal to authorityhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/appeal-to-authority-2-1.jpgappeal to authority 22020-05-05T02:29:32+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2020/04/29/shoddy-statistics-and-false-claims-dr-erickson-dangerously-misled-the-public-on-coronavirus/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/untitled2.jpgUntitled22020-04-28T18:07:09+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/01/14/acupuncture-is-just-a-placebo/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/accupuncture.jpgaccupuncture2020-04-21T03:28:00+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/11/07/dont-mistake-an-assumption-for-a-fact/2020-02-20T14:17:51+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/01/16/youre-probably-wrong/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/fact-check.giffact-check2020-02-19T03:15:04+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/10/17/25-myths-and-bad-arguments-about-climate-change/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/stephen-colbert-global-warming.jpgstephen-colbert-global-warminghttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/ci.jpgciThese are hypothetical data that illustrate the fact that whether or not a model worked should be evaluated based on whether or not the observed data fell within the 95% confidence interval of the model. 2020-02-15T04:45:30+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/02/07/5-hottest-years-on-record-all-happened-in-the-past-5-years-global-warming-is-real/2020-02-14T13:06:23+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/gmos/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/gmo-quote.jpgGMO quote by Dr. Andrew Starbird2020-01-30T13:21:23+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/about/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/logic-of-science.jpglogic of science2019-12-27T13:51:46+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/2016/06/06/global-warming-isnt-natural-and-heres-how-we-know/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/climate-change-proof.jpgclimate change proofhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/hansen-et-al-2005-science.jpgHansen-et-al-2005-ScienceThis figure from Hansen et al. 2005 shows the effect of both the natural and anthropogenic drivers of climate change. Notice how only anthropogenic sources show a large warming trend. Also, see figure 2 of Meehl et al. 2004.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/climate-change.jpgclimate changehttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/smokinghigh.jpgsmoking vs. cancerSmoking and lung/bronchial cancer rates (data via the CDC). P < 0.00012019-12-26T00:46:51+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/11/07/more-anti-vaccine-cherry-picking-a-rebuttal-to-should-you-be-afraid-that-measles-can-give-you-immune-amnesia/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/whose-line-is-it.jpgwhose line is it2019-11-19T14:56:19+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/09/17/how-to-find-and-access-peer-reviewed-studies/2019-10-09T13:42:43+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/03/13/life-constantly-arises-from-nonliving-matter/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/ribosome2.pngribosomeDiagram of protein synthesis. Image credit: Kelvinsong via Wikimediahttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/bacteria.pngbacteriaDiagram of a bacterium. Image credit: Ali Zifan via Wikimedia2019-10-04T07:34:23+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/08/01/scientism-is-it-a-straw-man-or-a-legitimate-critique/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/scientism.pngscientismThis comment was left on my page a while ago, and it is very typical of the type of straw man fallacy I am describing. Challenging the accepted wisdom because you have new studies that show that it might be wrong is fine, challenging it because you don't like it or because it conflicts with your preconceptions is not.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/reductio.jpgreductio2019-09-24T03:11:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/11/06/if-anecdotes-are-evidence-why-arent-you-drinking-paint-thinner/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/alternative-evidence.jpgalternative evidence2019-09-18T04:27:49+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/10/05/evolutionary-mechanisms-part-2-simulating-evolution/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/simualtion-example.jpegsimualtion exampleThis shows an example of the output of the simulation using the default values.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/simmulation-flow-chart-e1444011860496.jpgsimmulation flow chartThis sows the basic workflow that the simulation uses.2019-09-12T02:53:19+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/09/10/can-we-blame-climate-change-for-storms-like-dorian/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/dorian.pngdorian2019-09-12T21:01:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/12/16/climate-change-and-a-flat-earth-i-cant-believe-were-still-dealing-with-this-argument/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/flat-earth-turtle.pngflat-earth-turtleI'm not sure where this meme originated. if anyone knows, please tell me so that I can give credit. 2019-09-07T14:36:39+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/09/17/extreme-weather-the-effects-of-climate-change-are-already-here/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/storm-intensity.pngstorm intensity2019-09-07T03:35:07+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/02/28/genetics-provide-powerful-evidence-of-evolution/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/flying-squirrle.pngflying-squirrleA sugar glider (left) and flying squirrel (right). Despite appearing similar, they are actually very distantly related, and each species evolved to be similar via convergent evolution.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/green-et-al.jpggreen-et-alCrocodiles are more closely related to birds than other reptiles. Image via Green et al. 2014.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/tree.jpgtreePhylogenetic tree of life on planet earth. Via the University of Texas.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/marsupial-dasyurid-evolution.pngmarsupial-dasyurid-evolutionA phylogenetic tree of several marsupial families. Figure 7 from Cardillo et al. 2004.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/dog-breeds1.pngdog breedsCladogram of dog breeds. Figure 1a from vonHoldt et al. 2010.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/cladogram.jpgcladogramThis is an example of a cladogram (aka phylogenetic tree) showing the relationships between you and your five relatives in my example.2019-09-06T04:47:07+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/10/10/basic-statistics-part-5-means-vs-medians-is-the-average-reliable/2019-08-28T04:20:33+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/08/12/windows-into-science-scientific-conferences/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/untitled.pngUntitled2019-08-17T06:15:46+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/03/20/bt-gmos-reduce-pesticides-increase-yields-and-benefit-farmers-including-organic-farmers/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/bt-gmos.pngBt GMOsImage via We Love GMOs and Vaccines.2019-08-09T19:06:27+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/07/09/stop-using-al-gore-as-an-excuse-for-rejecting-science/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/al-gore.jpgal gore2019-07-24T01:09:58+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/07/19/6-major-problems-with-a-flat-earth/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/flat-earth-map-coordinates2.jpgflat earth map coordinates2As you can see, our coordinates systems shouldn't work on a flat earth. On a flat earth, the distance between two points of longitude would decrease as you moved away from the equator heading north, and increase as you moved south. In reality, they decrease both north and south of the equator. That can only happen on a round earth (see the text for details).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/flat-earth-flights.pngflat earth flightsA screen shot of Flight 28 on a booking site.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/flat-earth-map-airlines.pngflat earth map airlinesThis is the path that Flight 28 would have to take on a flat earth. It is impossibly long. There is no way to make this flight with a 747 on a flat earth.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/flat-earth-sun-3.pngflat earth sun 3This diagram (viewing a flat earth from the side) illustrates the fact that, on a flat earth, people in the northern hemisphere would experience different lunar cycles. For simplicity, I showed the sun casting a single beam, but it obviously actually radiates out in all directions. The dotted triangles show the points of view from people in the northern and southern hemispheres. Panels A and B show the same problem, but they demonstrate that the problem becomes worse as you move away from the equator, with people in the far south rarely seeing more than a sliver of lit moon. Panel C shows that even if we drastically alter the altitudes of the sun and the moon (as some flat earthers propose) the problem still remains. The size of the sun and the moon is not to scale with the earth based on flat earther views (but that is irrelevant since we are talking about spheres, and making them large was necessary or else they wouldn't be visible), but their position above the earth is approximately correct for flat earth views, and even the scale was way off from their claims, the same problem would remain.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/flat-earth-sun-2.pngflat earth sun 2This diagram (viewing a flat earth from the side) illustrates the absurdity of flat earther's "spotlight" argument. Panel A shows how things would need to be for their model to be correct, but that is clearly not how light works. As panel B illustrates, if the sun acted as a spotlight, then no light would reach the moon. Panel C shows how light actually works. It radiates out from all points of a sphere. In reality, it would continue radiating out well past the moon, but for this figure I stopped it at the moon to illustrate that for light from the sun to reach the moon, it also has to, at the very least, constantly reach essentially the entire northern hemisphere (it in reality it would constantly reach the entire earth). https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/flat-earth-sun-1.pngflat earth sun 1This diagram (viewing a flat earth from the side) illustrates the fact that, on a flat earth, people in the northern hemisphere would see a different side of the moon that people in the southern hemisphere (the pink and blue triangles show the angle of view form a person in each hemisphere. Panels A and B show the same problem, but the demonstrate that the problem becomes worse as you move away from the equator. The size of the sun and the moon is not to scale with the earth based on flat earther views (but that is irrelevant since we are talking about spheres, and making them large was necessary or else they wouldn't be visible), but their position above the earth is approximately correct for flat earth views, and even the scale was way off from their claims, the same problem would remain.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/flat-earth-map.jpgflat earth mapThis is a typical flat earth map, with the sun and moon circling overhead.2019-07-07T05:44:41+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/06/12/gmos-and-natural-selection-nature-doesnt-give-a-crap-about-you/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/gmos-and-natural-selection.pngGMOs and natural selectionvia the Genetic Literacy Project2019-07-01T01:00:58+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/09/21/no-one-thought-galileo-was-crazy-and-everyone-in-columbuss-day-knew-they-earth-was-round/2019-06-15T04:41:08+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/07/30/most-anti-gmo-papers-contain-serious-flaws/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/5-of-gmo-studies.jpg5% of gmo studies2019-03-28T12:01:33+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/01/17/training-to-be-a-scientist-its-not-an-indoctrination-and-its-more-than-just-reading/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/lego-grad-student-2.pnglego grad student 2lego grad student https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/lego-grad-student-1.pnglego grad student 1Lego Grad Student is one of the most entertainingly accurate representations you'll ever see of what it is like to be a graduate student. It is one of my few sources of joy in life, and I highly recommend that you follow him on facebook, twitter, etc. 2019-03-27T11:44:42+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/08/01/are-scientists-arrogant-close-minded-and-dismissive/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/open-your-mind-too-much1.jpgopen your mind too muchThe title to one of Tim Minchin's songshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/vaccines-expert.pngvaccines experthttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/response-to-homeostasis-meme.pngresponse to homeostasis memeImage via Refutations to Anti-Vaccine Memeshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/acid-diet.jpgacid diethttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/scientists-arent-arrogant.jpgscientists aren't arrogantIn most areas of life, people have no problems deferring to experts, but for some reason when it comes to science, people view expertise as a bad thing.2019-03-16T15:42:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/27/7-easy-ways-to-lose-a-debate/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/batman-natural-news.jpgbatman (natural news)https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/meme-pharma-shill-gambit.jpgmeme pharma shill gambitvia The Credible Hulk2019-03-15T15:56:48+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/12/15/do-we-need-more-studies-on-vaccines-gmos-climate-change-etc/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/google.pnggoogleImage via The Certified Shillhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/refuses-to-accept-studies.gifrefuses to accept studies2019-03-14T15:25:37+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/09/14/the-rules-of-logic-part-7-using-consistent-reasoning-to-compare-apples-and-oranges/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/iconsistant-reasoning.jpginconsistent reasoninghttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/drunk-driving.jpgdrunk driving vaccine analogyAn example of inconsistent reasoning among anti-vaccers. Image via Refutations to Anti-Vaccine Memes2019-03-12T15:40:12+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/04/28/vaccines-and-autism-a-thorough-review-of-the-evidence/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/hierarchy-of-evidence3.pnghierarchy of evidence'''''All of the anti-vaccine papers fall into the lowest categories of evidence, and none of them were capable of showing causal relationships (details here).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/hierarchy-of-evidence2.pnghierarchy of evidence''Systematic reviews and meta-analysis are the highest category of evidence because they combine the results of multiple studies, which makes them less prone to false conclusions (details here).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/hierarchy-of-evidence1.pnghierarchy of evidence'''Case-controlled studies can be very powerful (especially with large sample sizes) and can actually show causation (details here).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/hierarchy-of-evidence.pnghierarchy of evidence''''Case-control studies can't establishes causation, but they are one of the best designs for looking for associations with rare relatively rare outcomes (e.g., autism). Details here.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/hierarchy-of-evidence-no-not1.pnghierarchy of evidenceNot all study designs are equal (details here)2019-03-11T15:42:54+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/12/28/basic-statistics-part-4-understanding-p-values/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/p-values-one-tailed1.gifp values one tailedFigure 2: These are the same data as figure 1, but this time only the results where pond 1 was 1.7 or greater than pond 2 are highlighted.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/p-values-two-tailed.gifp values two tailedFigure 1: these are the results of 10,000 samples from my identical, fictional ponds. For each sample (10 individuals per pond) I subtracted the mean for the pond 2 sample from the mean for the pond 1 sample. The occurrences highlighted in blue had a difference that was equal to or greater than the difference in our first sample (1.7).2019-03-09T02:45:21+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/07/19/sinking-noahs-ark-part-2-the-order-of-the-fossil-record-confirms-evolutions-predictions/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/fig21.jpgFigure 4Figure 4: An illustration of the absurd way in which some creationists think that the fossils formed. (note: some creationists argue that the single cell layers pre-date the flood, which is slightly inaccurate from what I have depicted).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/figure-12.jpgFigure 1Figure1: Panel A shows what evolution predicts that the fossil record should like like, and panel B shows what creationism predicts (under a flash flood model). Note: both panels are overly simplified. In reality there are hundreds of layers, and I left out lots of steps. Also, I was simply illustrating the first time that each group appears rather than focusing on how long they persisted.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/figure-4.jpgFigure 3Figure 3: There are only a few places where the entire geological column is at a single site, but that is not a problem because the pattern is consistent everywhere, so we can piece it back together.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/figure-5.jpgFigure 2Figure 2: A simply illustration of how layers can shift along fault lines (the diagonal lines). Layers can form (A) and later shift because they are on faults (B). These can cause inconsistencies if you dig at precise spots (such as the dashed lines), but those inconsistencies disappear when you look at the whole site.2019-03-07T14:40:22+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/08/11/courts-dont-determine-scientific-facts/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/farmer-880567_1280.jpgfarmer-880567_12802019-03-06T12:23:10+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/03/27/the-fallacy-fallacy-reject-the-argument-not-the-conclusion/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/i-find-your-lack-of-logic-disturbing.jpgI find your lack of logic disturbingLogical fallacies are indeed disturbing. 2019-03-03T14:02:57+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/07/09/no-one-is-hiding-a-cure-for-cancer/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/cancer-cure.jpgcancer cure2019-02-28T01:27:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/16/an-introduction-to-theistic-evolution-using-science-to-interpret-the-bible/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/galileo.jpgA portrate of Galileo GalileiGalileo Galilei2019-02-06T15:39:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/20/the-rules-of-logic-part-6-appealing-to-authority-vs-deferring-to-experts/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/experts.jpgexpertsWe defer to experts all of the time, but for some reason when it comes to science and certain medical topics (like vaccines) people suddenly think that they know more than scientists2019-02-06T15:28:19+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/11/25/stop-accusing-me-of-ad-hominem-fallacies-you-stupid-idiots/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ad-hominem.pngad hominem2019-02-06T15:24:48+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/06/01/medical-errors-may-be-the-3rd-leading-cause-of-death-but-thats-not-as-bad-as-it-sounds/2019-02-05T02:31:47+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2019/01/24/the-concept-of-a-chemical-free-lifestyle-is-absurd/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/tim-minchin-everything-is-chemicals.jpgtim minchin everything is chemicalsFrom Tim Minchin's introduction to his brilliant song, "The Fence."2019-02-02T16:42:53+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/rules-for-commenting/2019-01-24T04:42:14+00:00weekly0.6https://thelogicofscience.com/2015/09/28/supporting-science-isnt-the-same-as-supporting-big-business/2019-01-15T07:34:10+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/05/27/5-simple-chemistry-facts-that-everyone-should-understand-before-talking-about-science/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/dose-makes-the-poison.jpgdose makes the poison2018-12-29T14:25:02+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/10/03/when-can-correlation-equal-causation/2018-12-20T02:50:56+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/06/28/miracle-mineral-solution-mms-if-it-sounds-too-good-to-be-true-it-probably-is/2018-12-09T12:24:25+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/02/22/6-reasons-why-anti-vaccers-are-wrong-that-being-sick-is-good/2018-09-27T11:14:21+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/08/16/4-meaningless-words-toxin-natural-organic-and-gmo/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/acetylsalicylic-acid.pngacetylsalicylic acid2018-08-16T13:47:57+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/10/12/100-bad-arguments-against-vaccines/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/chemistry.pngchemistryImage via Refutations to Anti-Vaccines Memeshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/appeal-to-authority-fallacy.jpgappeal to authority fallacyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/possibility-you-are-wrong.gifpossibility you are wronghttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/math.pngvaccine mathImage via Pro-Vaccine Shills for Big Pharma, the Illumanati, Reptilians, and the NWOhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/charlie-brown.gifcharlie brownhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/post-hoc-ergo-propter-hoc.jpgpost hoc ergo propter hochttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/insulin.jpginsulinImage via Refutations to Anti-Vccine Memeshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/colbert-vaccines.jpgcolbert vaccineshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/i-was-fully-vaccinated.jpgI was fully vaccinatedIf we are going to use anecdotes, I have a few million of them for you. (I didn't make this meme and unfortunately don't know who to give credit to. So if you're the creator, please let me know).2018-07-26T11:40:12+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/10/24/dont-attack-the-straw-men-straw-man-fallacies-and-reductio-ad-absurdum-fallacies/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/reductio.jpgreductio ad absurdumThis illustrates the correct use of reductio ad absurdum logic. The second stick figure is sarcastically illustrating that if the argument that science has been wrong in the past actually invalidated a current scientific result, then we could use that argument anytime that we wanted, but that would obviously lead to absurd conclusions. Note: sarcasm is not a requirement for reductio ad absurdum logic, but it is often included.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/strawman.pngstrawman2018-07-25T11:31:02+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/07/21/replacing-science-based-cancer-treatments-with-alternative-treatments-increases-your-risk-of-dying-from-cancer-new-study/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/complentary-vs-tradidtional.pngcomplentary vs tradidtionalFigure 1 from Johnson et al. 2018b showing the difference in survivorship between those who did and did not use alternative cancer treatments.2018-07-22T23:31:33+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/07/20/debunking-10-scientific-studies-proving-gmos-can-be-harmful-to-human-health/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/correlation.jpgcorrelationCorrelation does not equal causation. Organic food sales and autism rates are tightly correlated, but that does not mean that organic food causes autism. Image via the Genetic Literacy Project2018-07-02T13:58:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/06/28/why-are-there-so-many-reports-of-autism-following-vaccination-a-mathematical-assessment/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/autism.jpgautismSee the text for sources and more details.2018-06-30T12:08:44+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/06/14/vaccines-are-unavoidably-unsafe-but-that-doesnt-mean-they-are-dangerous/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/unavoidably-unsafe.jpgunavoidably unsafe2018-06-28T10:59:25+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/01/18/the-genetic-fallacy-when-is-it-okay-to-criticize-a-source/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/genetic-fallacies.gifgenetic fallacieshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/ag-hominem-flow-chart.gifad hominem flow chart2018-06-28T09:29:33+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/09/if-evolution-is-true-where-are-the-missing-links/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/odontochelys.jpgOdontochelysOdontochelys is a transitional fossil between turtles and their lizard like ancestors. It perfectly meets both the predictions of evolution and the creationist challenge that a turtle ancestor should be obvious, even to someone with no training in biology. Image via Chun et al. 2008.2018-06-18T13:09:46+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/03/06/over-reliance-on-placebo-controlled-trials/2018-03-30T10:04:27+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/04/11/the-vaccine-package-insert-paradox/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/package-insert-paradox.jpgpackage insert paradox2018-03-22T15:38:04+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/08/29/who-reviews-scientific-papers-and-how-do-reviews-work/2018-03-11T13:27:05+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/02/10/5-reasons-why-anecdotes-are-totally-worthless/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/anecdotes.pnganecdotes2018-03-11T07:47:42+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/29/evolution-is-blind/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/evolution-is-blind.jpgevolution is blindNote: the notion that evolution is blind has nothing to do with Darwin's eyesight. I just thought this was an amusing image. 2018-03-07T01:13:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/09/06/debunking-creationism-a-visual-comparison-of-micro-and-macroevolution/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/evolution-spectrum.pngevolution spectrumEvolution is like the visible light spectrum (A) with each color (species) gradually changing into the next without a clear point at which one ends and the other begins. Creationists predict something like B, where each "kind" is unique and distinct form the other kinds. What we actually find in the fossil record is C. There are clearly transitionals that creationists say shouldn't exist, but because the fossil record is incompletely, we will never have every single step in the spectrum.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/final1.pngfinal'These images are simply screen shots from Dr. Tyler Lyson's video2018-03-03T10:04:27+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2018/02/01/the-existence-of-real-conspiracies-does-not-justify-conspiracy-theories/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/conspiracy-theories.jpgconspiracy theories2018-02-06T14:09:16+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/12/04/parents-often-dont-know-what-is-best/2017-12-17T00:21:30+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/10/16/evolution-doesnt-require-all-species-to-change-all-the-time/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/heres-the-evolution.pnghere's the evolutionOn the left you have a creationist meme arguing that Pikaia gracilens is the same as a modern eel. In reality, it is very different from a modern eel, and as is depicted on the right, there were many other lineages that evolved into our modern animals. The image was made by Here's The Evolution, a Facebook page devoted to refuting creationists non-sense memes.2017-10-17T12:32:28+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/09/18/in-defense-of-skeptical-blogsfacebook-pages/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/5-stages.jpg5 stages2017-09-27T19:28:52+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/28/using-deductive-and-inductive-logic-in-science/2017-09-11T21:39:23+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/08/29/is-clean-coal-a-scam-or-a-legitimate-solution/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/coal-co2.jpgcoal CO2This shows the greenhouse gas emissions of CCS (aka "clean coal") compared to regular coal, solar, and wind power. This figure is a copy of Figure 4 from Viebahn et al. 2007 (I added the colored boxes).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/coal-environmental-impacts.jpgcoal environmental impactsThis shows the increase in environmental problems other than CO2 when CSS (aka "clean coal") is implemented. This is a copy of Figure 5 from Viebahn et al. 2007 (I added the colored boxes).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/coal-mine2.jpgcoal mine22017-09-27T01:08:52+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/30/but-scientists-have-been-wrong-in-the-past/2017-08-21T12:36:29+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/08/15/what-is-a-species/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/flickers.pngflickersTwo color morphs of the Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus): Red-shafted (right) and yellow-shafted (left). They are morphological distinct, but are still considered to be separate species. Images are from BioQuick News and Ewebarticle.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/aligator-snapping-turtle.jpgAlligator snapping turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) 2017-08-23T16:07:14+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/06/05/abiogenesis-an-unsolved-mystery-is-not-evidence-of-a-creator/2017-07-04T13:02:38+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/06/homeopathic-beer-a-simple-test-of-homeopathys-absurd-claims/2017-06-15T11:14:47+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/30/the-value-of-carefully-controlled-studies-a-thought-experiment/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/richard-feynman-quote-e1422599663500.jpgRichard Feynman quote2017-05-26T14:02:58+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/05/10/another-terrible-anti-vaccine-study-bites-the-dust/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/thats-not-good-enough.pngthat's not good enough2017-05-21T11:54:31+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/30/basics-of-global-climate-change-a-logical-proof-that-it-is-our-fault/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/coral-co2.jpgcoral CO2These data come from Wei et al. 2009, but the legend of this figure was modified for readability by skepticalscience.com (the data themselves were in no way manipulated as you can see in Figure 4 of Wei et al.) https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/historical-co21.jpghistorical CO2'Image from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography2017-05-03T13:01:37+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/07/05/yes-vaccines-did-save-us-from-disease-a-graphic-analysis/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/data-table.jpgMeasles infection and mortality data 1900-1980 USAnnual measles infections and deaths in the US from 1900 to 1980. Shaded cells contain data there were calculated from data in the other cells. All other data came from the sources listed above. I can send the data as an excel file on requires (contact me via a Facebook message through The Logic of Science Facebook page, alternatively you can leave a message on this post, but I may or may not actually see that). https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/inccorrect-correlation.jpginccorrect correlationFigure 6: A statistically invalid decrease in US measles infection rates prior to vaccines. This graph is a copy of one that was made by the always inaccurate International Medical Council on Vaccination https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/mortality-rates.jpgMeasles mortality ratesFigure 5: US annual measles mortality rates prior to and following the introduction of vaccines (sources are at the end of the post)https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/infection-rate1.jpgMeasles infection and mortality ratesFigure 4: US measles infection and mortality rates prior to and following the introduction of the measles vaccine (sources are available at the end of the post).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/exponetial1.jpgexponential decrease in measles death ratesFigure 3: Exponential decrease in US measles death rates prior to vaccines. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/partial-deaths.jpgUS measles death ratesUS measles death rates before and after the introduction of the vaccine (sources are at the end of the post).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/all-measles-death-rates.jpgall measles death ratesMeasles death rates. Anti-vaxxers erroneously claim that this graph proves that vaccines don't work/didn't save us (sources are available at the end of the post)2017-04-30T06:58:13+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/04/23/science-matters-because-it-works/2017-05-17T16:40:28+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/03/07/vaccine-injuries-and-confirmation-biases/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/2.png2Image via Things Anti-vaccers sayhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/4-100-year-old-woman.png4 (100 year old woman)Image via Things Anti-vaccers sayhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/fig-6-shaken-baby.pngfig 6 shaken babyImage via Things Anti-vaccers Sayhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/3-gender.png3 (gender)Image via Things Anti-vaccers Sayhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/vaccine-injury1.jpgvaccine injuryAlthough this image is targeted specifically at anti-vaccers, this circle of ignorance can occur for anyone on any topic. Even if your conclusion is correct, it may bias you and cause you to both accept shoddy sources and use those sources to bolster your position.2017-03-30T22:30:56+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/02/14/basic-statistics-part-6-confounding-factors-and-experimental-design/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/confounding-factors-figure-3.jpgconfounding-factors-figure-3This is a more complex blocked experiment. It also includes "nesting" meaning that you have car models "nested" within car brands. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/confounding-factors-figure-2.jpgconfounding-factors-figure-2This is a blocked experimental design. Because each car brand occurs in both the experimental group and the control group, car brand can be included as a factor in the analysis, and causation can be assigned.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/confounding-factors-figure-1.jpgconfounding-factors-figure-1This is an illustration of a fully confounded experiment. Because different brands were used in each group, there is a third variable that confounds the experiment and makes it impossible to assign causation. 2017-02-15T01:55:17+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/01/30/the-image-that-took-me-two-months-to-obtain-a-window-into-what-it-is-like-to-do-research/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/successful-gel.jpgsuccessful-gelThis is a gel from a method that actually worked. This time, you will notice that nearly every well has a band, indicating that the extraction worked (the cells without bands were negative controls). You will also notice that some of these are smeared. That is because I was testing several methods, and I will not be using the method that produced the smears. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/failed-gel.jpgfailed-gelThis is a gel from an extraction method that completely failed. The two bright bands are control samples to ensure that the PCR and Gel worked correctly. If any of the other samples had worked, they would have shown up as similar bright bands. Thus, since my controls worked, but my samples did not, I concluded that this method does not work well for my samples. 2017-02-06T12:28:42+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/01/23/how-long-is-long-enough-do-we-need-more-climate-data/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/climate-change-infographic.jpgclimate-change-infographic2017-02-07T09:55:36+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2017/01/09/debunking-the-doctors-case-for-homeopathy-by-wddty-a-case-study-in-critically-evaluating-internet-articles/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/homeopathy.jpghomeopathy2017-01-17T01:19:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/10/05/evolutionary-mechanisms-part-1-what-is-evolution/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/theodosius-dobzhansky.jpgtheodosius dobzhansky2017-01-15T08:26:52+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/11/09/evolutionary-mechanisms-part-3-the-benefits-of-mutations/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/tmnt.pngtmnt2017-01-15T08:25:21+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/01/04/evolutionary-mechanisms-part-4-natural-selection/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/selection.gifselectionFigure 1: Results of simulations of natural selection. Each line represents the average of 10 simulations, and each simulation began with a population of 100 dominant alleles and 100 recessive alleles. Individuals with a dominant phenotype always had a 100% chance of surviving to a reproductive age, but the probability of individuals with a recessive phenotype surviving varied between sets of simulations. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/rec.gifrecFigure 3: Results of a simulation with a starting population of 150 dominant alleles and 50 recessive alleles. Dominant phenotypes had a 50% chance of survival, and recessives had a 100% chance. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/directional-selection.gifdirectional selectionFigure 4: The three types of natural selection. Arrows indicate the direction of selection.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/8070.gif80,70Figure 2: Results of a simulation in which dominant phenotype had an 80% chance of surviving and recessive individuals had a 70% chance of survival.2017-01-15T08:24:43+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/02/15/evolutionary-mechanisms-part-5-sexual-selection/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/jacana.jpgjacanaA comb-crested jacana (Irediparra gallinacea) near where I am currently living. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/bowerbird.jpgbowerbirdThis bower belongs to a great bowerbird (Chlamydera nuchalis) that lives on my university's campus. You'll notice that in addition to constructing the bower itself (the columns of sticks) he has amassed a larger collecting of green, white, and grey objects. Some of his treasures are natural like rocks, dead coral, and shells, but he also has a lot of human trash like old nails, broken glass, and plastic.2017-01-15T08:24:00+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/08/09/evolutionary-mechanisms-part-6-genetic-drift/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/genetic-drift-random-walk1.jpggenetic drift random walkThis shows a population of 100 individuals evolving over time via genetic drifthttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/genetic-drift-selection1.jpggenetic drift selectionEach red dashed line shows a population with 100 individuals, and each solid light blue line shows a population with 10 individuals. Even though populations that are 0% dominant have lower survival (in these simulations), genetic drift still caused several of the small populations to lose the dominant allele completely.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/genetic-drift-popualtion-size.jpggenetic drift popualtion sizeEach line represents a different population, and as you can see, when those populations are small (red and blue lines) the alleles become fixed quite rapidly.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/coins.jpgcoinsThis is a simple illustration of the coin simulation. Each circle is an allele, and each pair is an individual. The lines show which allele gets passed. So the individual on the left in generation 1 happened to pass an H to one offspring and a T to the other, whereas the individual on the right randomly passed an H to each. As a result, the individual on the left in the second generation had two Hs and could not pass a T. The individual on the right could have passed a T, but two Hs were randomly selected instead, so by the third generation, H had become fixed, and the T allele was lost. 2017-01-15T08:23:18+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/02/01/global-warming-hasnt-paused/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/ocean-heat.pngocean heatThe accumulation of energy over time. You'll notice that most of the energy is getting trapped in the oceans. Image via Rhein et al. 2013.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/fictional-data.giffictional dataThese are fictional data intended to show what happens when you cherry pick your starting point. The top panel is statistically significant, whereas the bottom panel is not. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/skeptical-science.pngskeptical scienceIf you cherry pick your years, you can find quite a few "pauses" in climate change, because short term data are unreliable if you are interested in long term trends. Image via Skeptical Science. Note: some people have claimed that Skeptical Science had to cherry pick their data set to get a flat line for the fourth section of this image, but that is irrelevant since the entire point of this image is to illustrate that you shouldn't cherry pick data because you can misrepresent it by doing so (i.e., climate change contrarians cherry pick data all of the time, and this image shows why that is a bad idea).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/adjusted-temperature-data.pngadjusted temperature dataThis shows the temperature data once the effects of El Ninos, solar fluctuations, and volcanoes. Image via Open Mind.2017-01-14T05:13:42+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/12/12/evolutionary-mechanisms-part-7-gene-flow/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/selection-gene-flow.jpgselection-gene-flowThis shows gene flow's ability to counteract natural selection. In the top panel (A), there is no gene flow, and selection removes one allele from the population as expected. In contrast, in the lower panel (B) there is a high level of gene flow, and selection never manages to remove the harmful recessive allele from the populations.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/genetic-drift-gene-flow.jpggenetic-drift-gene-flowThis shows gene flow's ability to counteract genetic drift. In the top panel (A) there is no gene flow, and alleles became fixed in each population by 200 generations. In contrast, in the lower panel (B) there is gene flow, and alleles never stay fixed. Thus, gene flow allowed the populations to maintain a higher diversity.2016-12-12T15:41:55+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/03/01/8-lessons-that-mythbusters-taught-us-about-science-and-skepticism-2/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/information-minefield.jpginformation minefieldVia MythBusters Episode 187 "Bubble Pack Plunge"2016-12-08T11:58:57+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/11/23/no-homeopathic-remedies-cant-detox-you-from-exposure-to-roundup-examining-seralinis-latest-rat-study/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/rat.pngratImage by Mark Philpott, shared via the Creative Commons license. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/experimental-design1.jpgexperimental-designThis shows three different setups for the same experiment comparing four groups of 40 rats (I am assuming one rat per cage). On the far left, you have what seems to be being described by this study (each experimental group is separate). This is a weak design. A better design is what you see in the middle where you have representatives from each experimental group within each "block." The best design is then to randomize the location of the cages within those blocks (as seen on the far right).2016-12-16T02:52:04+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/30/can-science-tell-us-what-happened-in-the-past-historical-vs-observational-science/2016-11-24T12:05:14+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/04/07/basic-statistics-part-3-the-dangers-of-large-data-sets-a-tale-of-p-values-error-rates-and-bonferroni-corrections/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/figure-31.jpgfigure-3 Figure 3: This just shows the data for populations 2, 19, and 23. All three of them had significant positive relationships. (note: the data are fictional and were randomly generated)https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/figure-21.jpgfigure-2Figure 2: These are the same data as figure 1, but the data have been subset by population so that each population is now shown separately (note: the data are fictional and were randomly generated).https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/figure-11.jpgfigure-1Figure 1: A comparison of body size and clutch size for my fictional data set (data were randomly selected). As expected, there is no relationship between our variables. You can see this in the flat trend line.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/table-1.jpgtable 1Table 1: P values for all 30 fictional populations. Anything less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant. The three significant populations have been highlighted. 2016-11-22T11:46:02+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/17/what-would-it-take-to-convince-you-that-you-were-wrong/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/possibility-you-are-wrong.gifpossibility-you-are-wrongThis applies to everyone, regardless of what views you hold and what degrees and qualifications you posses.2016-11-02T13:32:37+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/08/10/its-just-water-how-homeopathy-debunks-itself/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/filter.jpghomeopathic filterAn obvious flaw in honeopath's "logic" 2016-10-09T12:55:27+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/09/27/dont-tell-people-to-google-it-thats-your-job-not-theirs/2016-09-26T14:13:21+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/08/23/measles-is-not-better-than-autism-debunking-anti-vaccine-arguments/2016-09-05T14:13:48+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/07/11/sinking-noahs-ark-part-1-introduction/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/noah-why-evolution-is-true.pngnoah why evolution is trueI'd be far more impressed with the Ark Encounter if it had been built by four people with hand tools. Image via Why Evolution is True2016-08-07T02:55:32+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/07/04/if-cannabis-and-vitamin-b17-kill-cancer-why-arent-they-approved-by-the-fda-let-me-explain/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/cancer-cures.pngcancer cureshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/xkcd.jpgxkcdThe fact that something kills cancer cells does not mean that it is safe to use. Image via xkcd2016-07-15T13:38:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/06/20/the-nirvana-fallacy-an-imperfect-solution-is-often-better-than-no-solution/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/golden-rice.jpggolden riceAn example of the Nirvana fallacy2016-07-04T13:32:31+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/28/basic-statistics-part-2-correlation-vs-causation/2016-06-20T11:40:45+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/06/14/understanding-grants-in-science-doing-research-without-selling-your-soul/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/untitled.pngUntitledvia PhD Comics2016-06-26T03:28:04+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/04/18/follow-the-money-the-finances-of-global-warming-vaccines-and-gmos/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/global-warming-money.jpgglobal warming money2016-04-03T13:17:49+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/03/29/silencing-opinions-vs-managing-misinformation-do-skeptics-suppress-opposing-viewpoints/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/repression.pngrepressionThe shrill cry of the anti-scientist2016-04-03T00:42:31+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/03/22/understanding-abstracts-does-the-study-say-what-you-think-it-says-2/2016-03-26T09:25:44+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/11/16/the-real-frankenfoods/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/joker-gmo.gifjoker gmohttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/banana.pngbananaThis is what a wild banana looks like.https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/franken-food.jpgfranken food2016-03-20T12:04:27+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/11/02/the-logical-paradox-of-ghost-hunting/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/ghost-hunters.jpgghost huntershttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/paradox.gifPARADOXhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/aliens.gifaliens2016-03-20T12:00:41+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/01/12/the-hierarchy-of-evidence-is-the-studys-design-robust/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/hierarchy-of-evidence2.pnghierarchy of evidence2016-03-20T11:52:39+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/27/are-creationists-and-scientists-both-interpreting-the-evidence/2016-03-20T11:34:13+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/03/22/2-biggest-lies-of-the-anti-vaccine-movement/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/measles-isnt-harmless.jpgmeasles isn't harmlessIn 2013, 145,700 people died from measles. Given numbers like that, it is downright dishonest to characterize measles as a mild illness. https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/measles-deaths.jpgmeasles deathsThis graph shows the annual number of measles deaths in the USA immediately before and after the introduction of the vaccine. Source: 2016-03-19T02:28:10+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/27/the-rules-of-logic-part-1-why-logic-always-works/2016-03-17T13:39:18+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/01/15-common-anti-vaccine-arguments-and-why-they-are-a-load-of-crap/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/olympic-pool.jpgVaccines too many too soon analogy2016-03-17T01:19:04+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/25/the-rules-of-logic-part-5-occams-razor-and-the-burden-of-proof/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/burden-of-proof1.jpgburden of proofhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/carl-sagan-extraordinary-evidence.jpgcarl sagan extraordinary evidence2016-03-16T13:32:47+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/03/07/understanding-the-reported-risks-of-medicines-foods-toxic-chemicals-etc/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/risk.pngRiskI mostly used this image because I was stumped for a good picture to use for this post, but the board game Risk can actually be a great exercise in probabilities. 2016-03-18T13:31:18+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2016/03/05/is-the-peer-review-system-broken-a-look-at-the-plos-one-paper-on-a-hand-designed-by-the-creator/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/design-of-the-creator.pngdesign of the creatorThis is the abstract from the paper with the relevant phrase highlighted. 2016-03-05T14:18:47+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/02/what-does-it-actually-mean-to-do-your-homework/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/threat-to-your-kid.jpgWhy my unvaccinated child be a threat to your kidImage via Refutations to Anti-Vaccine Memeshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/fact-checking.jpgfact checkingHow anti-vaccers fact check. Image via chainsawsuit.com2016-02-27T00:38:18+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/08/24/settled-science-part-2-the-illusion-of-a-debate/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/false-balance.jpgfalse balanceImage via The Genetic Literacy Projecthttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/gravity-is-jsut-a-theory.jpggravity is just a theoryGravity, the idea that bacteria make you sick, the idea that matter is made of atoms, the idea that all living things are made of cells, etc. are all "just theories."2016-02-23T02:09:15+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/27/the-rules-of-logic-part-2-good-vs-bad-arguments/2016-01-17T11:33:12+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/07/the-rules-of-logic-part-4-the-laws-of-noncontradiction-and-transitive-properties/2016-01-17T11:31:26+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/12/21/5-bad-arguments-against-the-influenza-vaccine/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/flu.gifflu2016-01-16T11:42:40+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/11/30/12-bad-reasons-for-rejecting-scientific-studies/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/research-you-keep-using-that-word.jpgresearch, you keep using that wordhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/galileo.pnggalileohttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/decide-for-myself.pngdecide for myselfhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/belief.pngbeliefhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/other-things-i-disagree-with.pngother things I disagree withhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/money.pngmoneyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/funding.pngfundinghttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/all-studies-are-flawed.pnghttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/asking-questions.pngasking questions2016-01-16T11:40:53+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/12/07/what-movie-theories-teach-us-about-science-vs-pseudoscience/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/yoda1.gifyodahttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/jar-jar.pngjar jar2016-01-16T11:40:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/10/19/ancient-knowledge-and-the-test-of-time/2016-01-16T11:30:49+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/09/08/yes-there-is-a-strong-consensus-on-climate-change/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/concensus.jpgconsensusImage via Powellhttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/self-ratings.jpgself ratingsA comparison of reviewer ratings and the self ratings provided by 1,200 authors. Data are from Cook et al. 2013.2016-01-16T11:23:12+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/08/31/10-common-myths-about-evolution/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/evolution.jpgevolution2016-01-16T11:21:30+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/08/03/10-steps-for-evaluating-scientific-papers/2016-01-16T11:11:57+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/07/27/meeting-creationists-on-their-own-terms-understanding-the-genesis-flood/2016-01-16T11:09:41+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/06/18/assumptions-vs-inductive-logic-is-radiometric-dating-based-on-assumptions/2016-01-16T10:59:15+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/05/01/falling-branches-the-illusion-of-miraculous-divine-intervention/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/miracles.jpgmiracles2016-01-16T10:50:39+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/04/10/evolution-doesnt-give-organisms-what-they-need/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/evolution-doesnt-give-organisms-what-they-need.jpgevolution doesn't give organisms what they needNatural selection can only act on the genetic materials that are available to it, and this rarely results in the trait that is actually needed. Image via Berkley.edu2016-01-16T10:48:59+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/04/26/reducing-irreducible-complexity/2016-01-16T10:48:39+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/04/11/winning-the-war-with-the-food-babe-army/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/food-babe-stats.jpgfood babe statshttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/food-babe.jpgfood babehttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/sandy.jpgsandy2016-01-16T10:45:09+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/04/02/what-does-it-mean-to-be-a-skeptic/2016-01-16T10:41:12+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/21/gmos-are-unnatural-but-so-is-everything-else-that-you-eat/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/batman-gmo.jpgbatman and robin GMOAlmost nothing that we eat is truly natural (i.e., most of our foods are not found in nature)https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/wild-corn.jpgteosinte: wild cornEven when it has been organically grown, the corn that we eat is not natural, and it is quite different from wild corn (teosinte). Our crops have been genetically modified via thousands of years of careful breeding, and the fruits, vegetables, and animals that we eat today contain novel genetic codes that are not found in nature. Image via mentalfloss.com. 2016-01-16T10:32:34+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/27/the-rules-of-logic-part-3-logical-fallacies/2016-01-16T10:29:56+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/12/was-charles-darwin-an-atheist/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/hms-beagle.jpgHMS BeagleHMS Beaglehttps://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/darwin.jpgA picture of Charles DarwinCharles Darwin2016-01-16T10:11:21+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/09/the-ghcn-temperature-adjustment-myth/2016-01-16T10:10:36+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/02/09/microevolution-vs-macroevolution-the-false-dichotomy/2016-01-16T10:09:39+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/30/the-anti-washers-why-anti-vaccers-arent-allowed-to-be-insulted-by-accusations-that-they-cause-outbreaks/https://thelogicofscience.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/netherlands.pngNetherlandsPlease carefully note how the measles outbreaks are centered around the communities with low vaccination rates. Image from Knol et al. 20132016-01-15T12:47:02+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/30/applying-inductive-and-deductive-logic-to-the-theory-of-evolution/2016-01-15T12:45:08+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/30/evolution-natural-selection-and-the-theory-of-evolution-by-natural-selection/2016-01-15T12:44:13+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/28/science-and-the-public-part-3-a-scientific-consensus-is-based-on-evidence-not-peer-pressure-and-adherence-to-dogma/2016-01-15T12:33:21+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/28/science-and-the-public-part-2-scientific-results-are-facts-not-conspiracies/2016-01-15T12:32:51+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/28/science-and-the-public-part-1-why-you-shouldnt-trust-blogs/2016-01-15T12:32:19+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/28/basic-statistics-part-1-the-law-of-large-numbers/2016-01-15T12:26:33+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.com/2015/01/28/facts-hypotheses-theories-and-laws-whats-the-difference/2016-01-15T12:26:02+00:00monthlyhttps://thelogicofscience.comdaily1.02026-03-13T03:11:56+00:00